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Amir Kassam <[log in to unmask]>
Sun, 2 Oct 2022 09:54:17 +0100
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*Global CA-CoP* *CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE COMMUNITY OF*

*for sustainable agriculture, land use and ecosystem management*


Dear Subscribers,

Please see below the October 2022 Cornell Conservation Agriculture Research
Newsletter from Professor Peter Hobbs.

Thank you Professor Hobbs for sharing.

Apologies for any cross-posting.


*Amir Kassam *

*Moderator*

*Global CA-CoP*

e-mail: [log in to unmask]

URL: http://www.fao.org/conservation-agriculture



*Regional CA websites:*

URL: http://www.act-africa.org/

URL: https://ecaf.org/
URL: http://www.caa-ap.org/

URL: http://caapas.org/

---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Peter Hobbs <[log in to unmask]>
Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2022 at 15:14
Subject: October 2022 Cornell CA Research Newsletter
To: Amir Kassam <[log in to unmask]>


Dear Amir: Here is our October 2022 Cornell Conservation Agriculture
Scoopit Research Update. You can also view online at
https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?curate=true&null

Can you send this out to people who get your listserv material? The hard
copy is below.

An easier link to see all the research papers on CA is as follows:
https://www.zotero.org/groups/348525/cornell_conservation_agriculture/collections/KGBFX8BX

Also, visit our main website at http://soilhealth.org for news and other CA
information. Please use this link since we had to move our web site to a
new server and this links takes you to the CA web site.

Many thanks for helping to distribute this. Peter

[image: Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - October 2022]
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag>
Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - October 2022
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag>
by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)
<https://www.scoop.it/u/conservation-ag>
Powered by [image: Scoop.it] <https://www.scoop.it>

Time management governs climate resilience and productivity in the coupled
rice–wheat cropping systems of eastern India.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india>
From www.nature.com
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-022-00549-0> - Today,
8:07 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india>
McDonald, A.J., Singh, B., Keil, A., Srivastava, A., Craufurd, P., Kishore,
A., Kumar, V., Paudel, G., Singh, S., Singh, A.K., Sohane, R.K. & Malik,
R.K. 2022. Nature Food. 3. 542-551.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india>
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-022-00549-0
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper was selected because few papers look at wheat date of planting
yet no-till wheat in South Asia came about because it enabled earlier
planting and better yields. This paper used a large number of on-farm
surveys in the rice-wheat system of the IGP to show that wheat sowing date
has in fact a central role on higher yields superseding all other
management, soil and varietal factors. They estimate that that wheat yield
potential will increase by 69% by adjusting earlier planting dates without
affecting rice yield, irrigation requirements or profitability. What I
didn't see in the abstract was the best way to plant wheat earlier is to
adopt no-till wheat!!
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136248609?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136248609?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136248609?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136248609>
Scalable diversification options delivers sustainable and nutritious food
in Indo-Gangetic plains.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains>
From www.nature.com
<https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-18156-1> - Today,
7:41 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains>
Gora, M.K., Kumar, S., Jat, H.S., Kakraliya, S.A., Choudhary, M., Dhaka,
A.K., Jat, R.D., Kakraliya, M., Sharma, P.C. & Jat, M.L. 2022. Scientific
Reports. 12. Article number 14371.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains>
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18156-1
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This study was conducted at an experimental farm of ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal on
crop diversification and sustainable intensification options using
agro-ecological approaches such as Conservation Agriculture (CA) and
diversified cropping systems to ensure food and nutritional security while
sustaining natural resources. CA-based system management using diversified
crop rotations; increased the system yield, net return, protein yield,
while using less irrigation water compared to conventional tillage (CT)
rice–wheat system. Maize-mustard-mungbean on permanent beds (PBs) recorded
the highest productivity, profitability, and saved 82% irrigation water.
In western IGP, maize-wheat-mungbean on PBs was found most productive,
profitable and nutritionally rich and efficient system compared to other
systems.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136248575?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136248575?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136248575?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136248575>
Unraveling microbiomes and functions associated with strategic tillage,
stubble, and fertilizer management
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management>
From linkinghub.elsevier.com
<https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016788092100390X> - Today,
7:14 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management>
Fang, Y., Van Zwietan, L., Rose, M.T., Vasileiadis, S., Donner, E., Vancov,
T., Rigg, J.L., Weng, Z.H., Lombi, E., Drigo, B., Conyers, M. & Tavakkoli,
E. 2022. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. 323. Article number 107686.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management>
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107686
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper looks at the impact of a "One-time tillage (ST)" after three
years on soil microbiomes and functions in a long term no-till farming
system under crop stubble and fertilizer management practices. The results
showed that ST had marginal effects on microbial richness and diversity,
enzyme activities, and catabolic function, but significantly affected the
abundance of some microbial taxa that are relevant to carbon degradation.
Stubble retention, regardless of tillage and fertilizer management, mainly
increased the abundance of copiotrophs. Among the management practices,
stubble retention was the main factor that contributed to increased
richness and diversity of the soil bacterial and fungal community.
Fertilizer application, regardless of tillage and stubble management had
minimal impact on bacterial and fungal richness and diversity, enzyme
activity and catabolic function.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136247593?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136247593?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136247593?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136247593>
Root and soil health management approaches for control of plant-parasitic
nematodes in sub-Saharan Africa
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa>
From linkinghub.elsevier.com
<https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0261219421003112> - September
29, 11:46 AM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa>
Karuri, H. 2022. Crop Protection. 152. Article number 105841.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa>
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105841
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This is an interesting paper on pest/disease issues of smallholder farmers
in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially plant parasitic nematodes (PPN). Present
control strategies in this part of Africa are therapeutic and
unsustainable. What is needed are strategies that promote soil health and
enhance suppression of PPN's. This review analyzes the potential impact of
CA and Integrated soil fertility  management (ISFM) on PPN communities and
it also provides a concise summary of low-cost PPN control strategies and
their efficiency against specific nematode species. Variations in their
efficacy is also discussed.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136213113?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136213113?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136213113?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136213113>
Conservation agriculture can help the South American Andean region achieve
food security
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security>
From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20879> - September 29, 11:23 AM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security>
Barrera, V.H., Delgado, J.A. & Alwang, J.R. 2021. Agronomy Journal. 113 (6)
4494-4509.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security>
https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20879
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This is a paper from the Andean region of Ecuador where small scale farming
is on steep slopes and vulnerable to erosion, soil degradation, and
productivity loss making the current agricultural practices unsustainable
and food security a major issue. Climate change is also going to be a
negative factor in this region. Past research on CA in this region suggest
that cost savings and better yields make it a better system than CT.
Immediate benefits did not arise but at least CA productivity did not
decline. On the medium term CA resulted in better soil health (lower
erosion) and higher profits than CT. The paper points out that adoption of
CA is slow due to lack of any extension, so there is a need improve
communication with local farmers and effectively explain to them the
benefits of new technology and CA.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136213006?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136213006?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136213006?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136213006>
Current and future agronomic perspectives on rainfed soybean production
systems in South Africa
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa>
From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20816> - September 28, 7:36 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa>
Haarhoff, S.J. & Swanepoel, P.A. 2021. Agronomy Journal. 113 (6) 4527-4540.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa>
https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20816
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper looks at rainfed soybean yield gaps in South Africa despite
recent genetic introductions and better weed control strategies.
Inconsistent rainfall, high temperatures, and soil compaction being the
major factors responsible. The benefits provided by including soybean in a
maize monoculture production system has been identified, however, crop
rotation effects on yield in combination with newly introduced agronomic
practices such as no-tillage and crop residue retention are inconsistent.
However, less rigorous soil tillage practices alongside greater residue
retention can lessen surface runoff and evaporation losses. They conclude
more research is needed to understand the soybean yield gap.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136176442?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136176442?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136176442?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136176442>
Highly variable performance of sustainable intensification on smallholder
farms: A systematic review
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review>
From linkinghub.elsevier.com
<https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211912421000626> - September
28, 7:13 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review>
Reich, J., Paul, S.S. & Snapp, S.S. 2021. Global Food Security-Agriculture
Policy Economics and Environment. 30. Article number 100553.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review>
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100553
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This review article had 241 articles to assess Sustainable Intensification
(SI) technologies within smallholder farms. It had multiple indicators and
performance responses. Crop yields were the top indicator. It also assessed
from limited articles soil C stocks, food security, gender, labor, and
biodiversity. SI interventions only had positive responses in 70% of the
observations. with adjacent research sites reporting contrasting results.
Future studies need to be longer term and assess local adaptation.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review>
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<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136178260?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136178260>
Sustainability and efficiency analysis w.r.t adoption of climate-smart
agriculture (CSA) in Pakistan: a group-wise comparison of adopters and
conventional farmers
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers>
From link.springer.com
<https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-021-17181-3> - September
28, 5:13 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers>
Imran, Md. A., Ali, A., Culas, R.J., Ashfaq, Md., Baig, I.A., Nasir, S. &
Hashmi, A.H. 2022. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 29 (13)
19337-19351.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers>
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17181-3
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper was selected since it was from Pakistan, that researched and
adopted no-till in the 1980's but few papers are published from here. The
paper collected data from 450 farm households in 24 villages in Pakistan
Punjab. Three cropping patterns were found; rice-wheat, maize-wheat and
cotton-wheat under an irrigation canal system. It compared Climate Smart
(CSA) practices against conventional ones and also estimated the impact of
water-smart practices of the CSA, technical training, and groundwater
quality on agricultural production. Adopters of CSA practices had higher
economic benefits, and improved resource efficiencies compared to
conventional ones. They conclude that farmers can earn more profit, save
inputs (such as water), and increase their production by adopting
water-smart practices of CSA. These should be promoted by the Government
and relevant institutions.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers>
<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136176199?forceAnonymous=1>
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<https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136176199?forceAnonymous=1>
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136176199>
Adapted Conservation Agriculture Practices Can Increase Energy Productivity
and Lower Yield-Scaled Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Coastal Bangladesh
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh>
From www.frontiersin.org
<https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2022.829737/full> - Today,
7:53 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh>
Krupnik, T.J., Hossain, M.K., Timsina, J., Gathala, M.K., Sapkota, T.B.,
Yasmin, S., Shahjahan, Md., Hossain, F., Kurishi, A., Miah, A.A., Rahman,
B.M.S. & McDonald, A.J. 2022. Frontiers in Agronomy. 4. Article 829737.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh>
https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.829737
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
The hypothesis for this paper was that rotating rice with maize  using CA
(strip-tilled maize followed by unpuddled transplanted rice), or seasonally
alternating tillage (SAT; strip-tilled maize followed by fully-tilled,
puddled rice with residues retained across rotations) would reduce costs
and energy use, increase energy-use efficiency, and reduce yield-scaled
CO2-eq emissions (YSE) and total global warming potential (GWP), compared
to farmers’ own practices (FP) and conventional full-tillage (CT) under the
same rotation in Bangladesh’s coastal region. Data suggested that both CA
and SAT can result in a range of positive agronomic, economic, and
environmental outcomes compared to FP or CT. But farmers had an aversion to
use of all CA practices due to problems hiring labor to transplant
unpuddled rice.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh>
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<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136247640>
Do soil conservation practices exceed their relevance as a countermeasure
to greenhouse gases emissions and increase crop productivity in agriculture?
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture>
From linkinghub.elsevier.com
<https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969721054140> - Today,
7:27 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture>
Shakoor, A., Dar, A.A., Arif, Md,S., Farooq, T.H., Yasmeen, T., Shahzad,
S.Md., Tufail, Md.A., Ahmed, W., Albasher, G. & Ashraf, Md. 2022. Science
of the Total Environment. 805. Article 150337
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture>
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150337
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper used a meta-analysis to evaluate crop productivity (wheat, rice,
maize) and GHGs for 3 major soil conservation practices: no-till, manures,
and biochar. None of the manures were able to reduce GHGs emissions. Use of
biochar showed a strong coupling effect between reduction of GHGs  and the
increase in crop productivity. Depending on crop type, all cereal crops
showed varied degrees of GHGs mitigation under biochar application, with
wheat responding most strongly due to the additional yield increment.
No-tillage showed a significant reduction in CH4 and N2O emissions under
rainfed and irrigated conditions.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture>
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<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136247607>
Conservation agriculture improves soil physical properties and crop
productivity: a long-term study in middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india>
From www.publish.csiro.au <https://www.publish.csiro.au/sr/SR20329> - September
29, 12:11 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india>
Rao, K.K, Samal, S.K., Poonia, S.P., Kumar, R., Mishra, J.S., Bhatt, B.P.,
Dwivedi, S.K., Mondal, S., Choubey, A.K., Kumar, S., Kumar, M., Malik, R.K.
& Dalal, R.C. 2022. Soil Research. 60 (6) 442-454.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india>
https://doi.org/10.1071/SR20329
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper reports on a field experiment in the middle IndoGangetic Plains
of India to determine if CA can arrest soil fertility decline and improve
production in this area. They tested 4 common farming practices that had
different tillage, seeding, residue management, and crops. After 7 years, 3
systems lowered Bulk Density and compaction, and higher soil
macro-aggregates compared to the conventional check.Avoiding tillage in
wheat and including a food legume in rotation increased annual rice
equivalent yields by 30.5-34.4%. NT and retention of crop residues had
potential to improve soil health and monetary gains.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india>
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<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136213243>
Improved and sustainable agroecosystem, food security and environmental
resilience through zero tillage with emphasis on soils of temperate and
subtropical climate regions: A review
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review>
From linkinghub.elsevier.com
<https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2095633922000053> - September
29, 11:38 AM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review>
Hassan, W., Li, Y., Saba, T., Jabbi, F., Wang, B., Cai, A. & Wu, J. 2022.
International soil and water conservation research. 10 (3) 530-545.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review>
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.01.005
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This review starts with a review of the negative issues of tillage that
impacts agroecosystems, productivity, and the environment and lists several
more specific issues including oxidation of SOM and emission of GHG's. This
review looked at the effect of tillage systems (CT and NT) using 150 peer
reviewed research articles. The paper established that NT improves soil
structure, aggregate stability, biological diversity, organic matter and
nutrients, water and water use efficiency, and reduces soil degradation,
erosion, tillage machinery impacts, and GHG emissions. It allows timely
seeding and better crop growth, increases yield and food security, improves
carbon sequestration, strengthens soil storage potential, and helps to
mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on environmental resilience.
Should I say more that NT should be assessed, promoted, and enabled where
found feasible.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review>
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Energy balance and efficiency in crop rotation systems.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems>
From ojs.uel.br
<https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/43678>
- September 29, 9:34 AM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems>
Ferreira, M.H.G., Bordin, I., Buratto, O.M. & Pontes, L. S. 2021.
Semina-Ciencias Agrarias. 42 (6) supplement 2. 3651-3666.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems>
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6Supl2p3651
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This is an interesting paper that looks at rotations, one of the pillars of
CA in Brazil. Recently rotation has been changed to crop diversity. The
most common cropping pattern in Brazil is soybean/second corn crop
succession and has led to problems with water and soil conservation and
increase in pests and diseases and thus increase in energy use. This study
looked at 6 different cropping patterns compared against the one above.
Both the traditional and alternate cropping patters provided positive
energy balance and efficiency -- they produced more energy than they
consumed. But some of the newer systems had higher energy balances and
efficiency than the traditional one. The abstract did not mention any
differences in pests and diseases though but may have in the paper.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems>
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<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136208118>
A global meta-analysis of the impacts of no-tillage on soil aggregation and
aggregate-associated organic carbon
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon>
From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4109> - September 28, 7:26 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon>
Liu, X., Wu, X., Liang, G., Zheng, F., Zhang, M. & Li, S. 2021. Land
Degradation & Development. 32 (18) 5292-5305.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon>
https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4109
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper used a meta-analysis of 89 articles to identify changes in soil
aggregation and aggregate-associated soil organic carbon (SOC) at the
global level. They looked at climatic conditions, experimental duration,
cropping intensity, soil texture, and initial SOC/pH) in the changes in
those 2 variables. Compared to conventional tillage (CT) No-tillage (NT)
increased water stable large (LM) and small (SM) macro-aggregates and mean
weight diameter (MWD) but decreased micro-aggregates and silt plus
clay-size particles (SC). NT significantly enhanced SOC concentrations in
LM (17%), SM (14%), MIC (10%), and SC (7%) compared to CT. The random
forest (RF) model demonstrated that climatic conditions, experimental
duration, and soil texture were the predominant factors controlling the
changes in aggregation and aggregate-associated SOC under NT. The conclude
that NT helps improve soil structure and SOC sequestration, ultimately
controlling soil degradation in croplands.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon>
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<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136175567>
Regenerative agriculture and integrative permaculture for sustainable and
technology driven global food production and security
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security>
From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20814> - September 28, 5:34 PM
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security>
McLennon, E., Dari, B., Jha, G., Sihi, D. & Kankarla, V. 2021. Agronomy
Journal. 113 (6) 4541-4559.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security>
https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20814
*Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight:
This paper was included because it includes information on regenerative
agriculture (RA) and permaculture (P). They promote these two practices
because present farming practices have adverse impacts on natural
resources, ecosystem services and sustainability of food production,
especially in developing countries. The paper examines the affects of RA,
P, and Smart technology (ST) on sustainable production, decision support
systems, and Global food security. They state "Collectively, regenerative
agriculture and permaculture are semi-closed holistic systems approach
designed to reduce or eliminate dependence on external inputs" that restore
and maintain natural systems. What I didn't find in the abstract was
information of what management systems achieve RA or P and what impact they
have on yield or farmer security.
<https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security>
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