Dear Dr Abdollahi,
Welcome to the conference and please accept my apology for the delay in posting up your contributions. I wrote to you on Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday about some editorial changes. In the absence of a reply I have decided to carry on and distribute your edited inputs to the conference knowing that they will be well received. I hope that my involvement has not weakened their impact. I will also post up the other responses that you have made to participants' questions and answers. -
Kind regards, Moderator.
Contribution 1.
Dear All,
My name is Darab Abdollahi (DVM) from Iran veterinary organization, with 20 year experience in animal viral disease control in Iran; I was involved in the rinderpest eradication program and now working in PCP-FMD project. It's good opportunity that OIE –FAO decided to focus on PPR control program but we should notice that the field situation and epidemiology of PPR are so different from rinderpest especially animal movement and nomadic sheep which involving in PPR.
PPR is one of the main concern in sheep & goat populations in the Middle East region especially in Iran; most of sheep keeper know the disease and have been faced with it during last decades. Vaccination works well in affected flocks and in-contact sheep. The main concern and problems is rapid and reliable diagnosis. Diagnostic veterinary laboratories facilities and procedures are available in the different provinces (at least 5 regional Lab + one central laboratory) but it is important to have rapid field diagnosis (pen-side test).
Differential diagnosisis another main concern of private clinicians. Most reports of PPR disease are not really PPR; samples are only submitted to the laboratory from just 30% of reported cases and 50 percent of these test negative for PPR. All animal diseases and vaccination reported via GIS (Geographical Information Systems).Contagious ecthyma, bluetongue and FMD are common diseases that should be differentiated from PPR. Bluetongue virus was not detected and isolated from field but high titer Elisa serum antibodies were found in aborted she goats.
Vaccination strategyin affected flock and outbreaks are another field that should be discussed more. Some veterinarians believe that you can vaccinate even affected animals??!! Vaccine is produce locally with CIRAD vaccine seed and vaccination in outbreaks especially in young stocks are the main vaccination & control strategy in Iran.
Animal movementsare other related concern in control protocol. Most farmers move their animals even when they are affected, and pay no respect to biosecurity and quarantine procedures. As the price of meat has increased rapidly recently they do not accept to send their ill animals to slaughter and try to treat them,
So to overcome the PPR in the region and world, a control programme should have:
· rapid and reliable diagnostic test (in field)
· complete and mass vaccination protocols
· Movement controls especially in the borders.
· farmer education
thanks
Darab Abdollahi DVM,
Deputy Director of Bureau of Animal Health and Disease Management,
Iran Veterinary Organization (IVO),
Vali Asr Avenue, Seyd Jamaledin Asad Abadi Street,
Tehran 634, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Contribution 2.
Dear All,
We have had a lot of comments and topics from different participants. It’s difficult to get suitable recommendation, so I have some suggestion:
· Get vaccine production and vaccination capability of each country and vaccination coverage, even vaccine type.
· Diagnostic tools and abilities, procedures,
· Disease reporting systems facilities.
· Number of annually outbreaks reported (at least for 3-5 years).
According to above information, categorize countries to 3 levels (based on capability, vaccine production and diagnostic levels) and even divide them based on disease epidemiological situation to high, moderate and low infected,
- Provide control strategy and training workshops based on levels.
- Vaccine should be checked and tested in reference laboratories.
- Diagnostic test should be validate in all laboratories,
Thanks
Darab Abdollahi DVM
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