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Establishment of a PPR Global Research and Expertise Network (PPR-GREN)

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From:
david shamaki <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
david shamaki <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Thu, 13 Feb 2014 11:38:55 -0800
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Dear All,

When the PPR vaccine Nig.75/1 production started in 1999 in Vom, Nigeria, a rural farmer came and bought the vaccine and had his animals vaccinated.

The following year the farmer came and reported that when PPR outbreaks occurred in his locality all his animals were protected and his neighbours suffered losses due to the outbreak because goats were not vaccinated, and therefore he came back to buy some more vaccine.

From the discussions some people are of the opinion that PPR control and eradication through massive vaccination will be a difficult task. In support of what Dr Taylor said, mass vaccination coverage for three to five years will drastically bring PPR under control.

Once a well structured global strategy is put in place and the resources are available PPR can be controlled through mass vaccination, seromonitoring and virus surveillance. But if seromonitoring will be too expensive, then follow the five-year mass vaccination period with virus search and revaccinate where neccessary.

David Shamaki
National Veterinary Research Institute Vom
Nigeria







On Thursday, February 13, 2014 5:26 PM, Paul Rossiter <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
 
Dear colleagues,
 
To let you know that we have attempted to estimate the basic and effective reproductive ratio for Tanzania. Details can be found in the following link. http://www.ojvr.org/index.php/ojvr/article/view/593
 
Fredrick
 
Fred - I have taken the liberty of copying the abstract from this paper and pasting it below for everyone to read more easily. Moderator 
 
"Peste des petits ruminants virus, which causes a severe disease in sheep and goats, has only recently been officially declared to be present in Tanzania. An epidemiological study was carried out between September 2008 and October 2010 to investigate the incursion, persistence and spread of the virus in Tanzania. The investigation involved serosurveillance, outbreak investigation and computation of epidemiological indices such as the effective reproductive number, persistence and the threshold level for vaccination. Field and molecular epidemiological techniques were applied to isolate, characterise and trace the origin of the virus in Tanzania. A total of 2182 serum samples from goats and 1296 from sheep from 79 villages across 12 districts were investigated. Village-level prevalence of infection was variable (0.00% – 88.00%) and was higher in pastoral than in agro-pastoral villages. The overall antibody response to the virus was 22.10% (CI 95% =
 20.72% – 23.48%). About 68.00% and 73.00% of seropositive goats and sheep, respectively, did not show clinical signs. The proportion of seropositive animals differed significantly (p ≤ 0.001) between age groups, sex and farming practices. Real-time polymerase chain reaction results showed that the isolated strains belong to lineage III, whose origin is in East Africa and the Middle East. This indicates that one of the northern neighbouring countries is most likely the source of infection. The computed overall effective reproductive number, the threshold level of vaccination necessary to eradicate the disease and persistence were 4.75% and 98.00%, respectively. These estimates indicate that achieving elimination of the peste des petits ruminants virus from pastoral flocks will require significant effort and development of highly effective intervention tools".

 
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