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DISCUSSION No. 127   •   FSN Forum digest No. 1230





Youth – feeding the future.

Addressing the challenges faced by rural youth aged 15 to 17 in preparing for and accessing decent work.



until 15 May 2016











[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]How to participate



Send your contribution to

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FSN Forum website www.fao.org/fsnforum<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum>

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Dear Members,

First of all, we wish to thank all participants who are sharing comments to the online discussion: Youth – feeding the future. Addressing the challenges faced by rural youth aged 15 to 17 in preparing for and accessing decent work. <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/discussions/rural-youth-employment-15to17>

Today, Jacqueline Demeranville’s feedback note raises the issue of the gender dimension, inviting members to contribute their inputs on this specific subject.

Please visit the discussion page<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/discussions/rural-youth-employment-15to17> in order to add your voice to the exchange and to tell us your opinion on how to support youth under 18 to make a good, secure income in agriculture.

The full introduction to this topic is available on the webpage<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/discussions/rural-youth-employment-15to17>, including information on the upcoming expert meeting in Rome. If you are interested in attending, please send us the application form<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/sites/default/files/files/127_Rural_youth/Participation%20Request%20Form_EN.docx>.

As usual, comments are welcome in English<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/discussions/rural-youth-employment-15to17>, French <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/fr/forum/discussions/rural-youth-employment-15to17> and Spanish<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/es/forum/discussions/rural-youth-employment-15to17> and in this particular case, also in Arabic<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/sites/default/files/files/127_Rural_youth/TOPIC_AR_Rural_Youth.pdf>, Chinese<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/sites/default/files/files/127_Rural_youth/TOPIC_ZH_Rural_Youth.pdf> and Russian<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/eca/sites/eca/files/files/Youth/TOPIC-ECA_RU_Rural_Youth.pdf>.

Looking forward to keep receiving your comments over the next few days,

Your FSN Forum team











Jacqueline Demeranville, facilitator of the discussion



Dear contributors,

The issue of gender and how it impacts rural girls’ and boys’ access to decent work has been raised in the discussion. A number of issues concerning girls in the 15-17 age group have been highlighted (including child marriages and pregnancies, time burden of domestic and reproductive tasks, and additional challenges in access to training, natural resources, markets and representation in organizations).



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I would like to invite the members of this forum to expand on how your approaches and models address the gender dimension in their design or implementation.

It would be particularly interesting to know any specific actions taken to address the challenges faced by rural adolescent girls in participating in vocational training and preparing for and accessing decent work in agriculture and related activities.

I also invite you to share your insights or experiences on any particular challenges or risks faced by rural boys in this age group of 15-17 and their preparation for or access to decent work in agricultural-related activities.

Looking forward to hearing from you,

Jacqueline













CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED



[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Rhoda Tumwebaze, Lake Victoria Fisheries Organization, Uganda



Rhoda's contribution focuses on youth employment in fishing activities and on how to improve the working conditions of the 15-17 years of age target group.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--44>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Maria Mullei, Innovative Agricultural Research Initiative (iAGRI)/SUA, Tanzania



Having worked with youth throughout East Africa over the course of her career, Maria elaborates on three key areas that are entrance pathways to improving rural youth employment: public-private sector engagement, curriculum development and mentorship.

Read the contribution<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--45>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Gildas Tiwang, Cameroon



Gildas shares the paper "Assessing the determinants of children's work in agribusiness in Cameroun" where this issue is analysed with recommendations on ways to address it.

Read the full contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--46>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Paul von Hartmann, USA



Paul shares some ideas on how to make farming and gardening more attractive to youth, based on his experience with Farms & Gardens for the Disabled.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-–-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--47>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Chinedu Obi, International Masters of Science in rural development, Ghent, Belgium



Chinedu has recently completed a literature review on vocational education in agriculture for high school graduates in Nigeria and stresses the constraints than youth face. First, the credit system does not recognize the 15 to 17 age group. Second, vocational education in agriculture in Nigeria tends to be a fall-back option for youth. Third, programmes supporting youth involvement in agriculture are usually not linked to vocational training institutions and often have a short-term horizon.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--48>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Raymond Erick Zvavanyange, Young Professionals for Agricultural Development, Zimbabwe



Raymond describes the problems of youth engagement in agriculture in the African context, highlighting the skills gap of the rural youth versus their urban counterparts. This adds to the other existing challenges (e.g., access to land, finance, education, knowledge and skills). His paper "The role of youth in agriculture and food system transformation in Zimbabwe" presents a business model linking food and agriculture (poultry) and industrial development (biogas generation/methanol).

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--49>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Rabiu Auwalu Yakasai, Ministry of Agriculture Kano State, Nigeria



Rabiu proposes to launch a pilot approach to train and to support agricultural entrepreneurship in the 15 to 17 age group, building on the activities of the young farmers' clubs in primary and secondary schools.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--50>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Abass Amina, Niger



Abass proposes a series of concrete measures such as programmes for 14-year-old school-leavers, professional training programmes for the 15-17 year olds and eliminating limitations to the access of youth to funds and land.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--51>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]K. Sémanou Dahan, CDEL, Benin



Sémanou proposes to set up rural preparation and development centres to guide and train in different crafts, including agriculture, those children who are not at school.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--52>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Karla Somarriba, Nicaragua



Karla highlights the need for a representation of and advocacy for the interest of this age group in policy formulation processes. Establishing collaborations with universities and the private sector can help assess what is needed to create conditions conducive to the involvement of youth in agriculture.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-juventud-%E2%80%93-alimentando-el-futuro-abordemos-los-desaf%C3%ADos-los-que-se-enfrenta-l>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Cheikh Fall, Comité Intersyndical de lutte contre les Pires Formes de Travail des Enfants, Senegal



Cheikh shares the example of the PAFNA Project carried out in Northern Senegal, which supports vocational training for rural youth and responds to the questions proposed by Jacqueline in the topic note.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--54>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Sorsa Debela, Agribusiness Development Consultant at FFARM PLC, Ethiopia



Sorsa identifies shortage of land, lack of access to modern inputs and advice, considering agriculture as a backward and non-paying sector and lack of tradable skills as some of the main challenges faced by youth. He also adds that the situation faced by young girls is even more critical.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--53>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Jessy Hims, Rumines Limited, Nigeria



Jessy stresses that in order to involve young people in agriculture in their villages and hence to convince them to remain in rural parts of the country rather than moving to the cities, it is important that these young people can see a future for them in agriculture. That is, that by becoming farmers, they can take care of themselves and their dependents and not lose out on what their counterparts in urban areas have.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--55>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]John Uzeshi Peter, Nigeria



John presents a detailed case study on rural youth in Nigeria. It emerges that the attitude of youth towards agriculture as a profession is mostly negative and that this is partly responsible for the low level of agricultural production in the country. Other issues such as clashes between farmers and herdsmen, use of outdated technology and lack of infrastructure also contribute to this perception. Strengthening extension services and investments in rural infrastructure and technology could be ways to improve the attractiveness of farming as a profession.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--56>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Monika Percic, France



Monika emphasises the gender dimension. She identifies a need to address this specific age group in a gender-sensitive manner being aware of the gendered differences and their different causalities that do have a significant impact on the lives and the livelihoods of boys or girls aged 15-17.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--57>







[cid:image003.png@01D1AC76.75206230]Halshka Graczyk, Institute of Work and Health , Switzerland



Halshka focuses on the dangers faced by the young workers, whose bodies undergo the critical transition from childhood to adulthood. While adolescence is a time of tremendous growth, it is also a time of considerable health risk due to the vulnerabilities of developing systemic pathways. As an important phase for brain development, in which young people acquire increased capacity for abstract reasoning, compared to adults, already small exposures to neurotoxic agents may incur long-term damage.

Read the contribution <http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-youth-%E2%80%93-feeding-future-addressing-challenges-faced-rural-youth-aged-15-17--59>











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