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DISCUSSION No. 123   •   FSN Forum digest No. 1210





Harnessing the benefits of ecosystem services for effective ecological intensification in agriculture



until 21 December 2015











[cid:image003.png@01D138C4.5A6A33B0]How to participate



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Dear Members,

The discussion on Harnessing the benefits of ecosystem services for effective ecological intensification in agriculture<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/discussions/liberation>, is attracting interesting new comments, summarized below.

Ecological intensification in agriculture is seen by many as a promising solution to satisfying a growing demand for agricultural products without the possibility of increasing agricultural area.

However, to make this a reality we need to put in place policies, incentives, training and communication. But how should we go about it? How can we maximize the efficiency of ecological intensification approaches? And do you have any examples of and suggestions for raising awareness on ecosystem services and ecological intensification?

Join this important debate and link with the LIBERATION project, helping it provide the evidence base for ecological intensification and demonstrate the concept.

The full background and questions are available on the discussion page<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/discussions/liberation>. As usual, comments are welcome in English<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/discussions/liberation>, French<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/fr/forum/discussions/liberation> and Spanish<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/es/forum/discussions/liberation>.

We are looking forward to reading your ideas and suggestions and please do not hesitate to forward this invitation to your friends and colleagues.

Your FSN Forum team















CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED



[cid:image003.png@01D138C4.5A6A33B0]Margaret Zeigler, Global Harvest Initiative, United States of America



Margaret shares insights from a symposium held in March 2015 in the USA by quoting two presentations held there. The first, by Tim Banton from the University of Leeds argues that “spatial planning” which matches agricultural production techniques with the right natural resource management practices for a given landscape is key to sustainable agriculture.

The other presentation, given by Stephen Polasky from the University of Minnesota, recommends making a range of ecosystem management services available and educating farmers and producers on their options. It is critical to establish a market value for such goods and services with the help of public and private sector incentives.

Margaret also introduces the concept of Total Factor Productivity, a helpful tool for tracking progress on managing the balance between the need for agricultural productivity and eco-system sustainability. [...]

Link to the full contribution<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-harnessing-benefits-ecosystem-services-effective-ecological-intensificatio-18>







[cid:image003.png@01D138C4.5A6A33B0]Philipp Aerni, University of Zurich, Switzerland



Philipp mentions an earlier multi-stakeholder dialogue on Payments for Environmental Services (PES), which included an FSN Forum online discussion.

The insights gained from these events, as well as from the field research conducted in Kenya, indicates that environmental improvements achieved in agriculture through PES projects often lack financial sustainability and are therefore exposed to the risk of reversibility.

He argues that PES theory tends to ignore the important role of local entrepreneurship and innovation, the two factors that prove why certain PES projects indeed worked because the local people made something different out of it.

In fact, PES theory implicitly assumes that the lack of provision of environmental services (understood as a public good) represents market failure. However, in many cases it is probably governance failure because private sector investments in the improvement of environmental services are hardly encouraged. [...]

Link to the full contribution<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-harnessing-benefits-ecosystem-services-effective-ecological-intensificatio-17>







[cid:image003.png@01D138C4.5A6A33B0]Jeff Buderer, Full Circle Earth, United States of America



Jeff argues that the key for maximizing the efficiency of field and landscape interventions is whether intensification can be developed into comprehensive approaches that can rapidly replace obsolete and ecologically destructive industrial models.

In response to the second questions regarding policy measures to support ecosystem services, Jeff proposes to apply measures to calculate the real cost of food, including social and environmental impacts. [...]

Link to the full contribution<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-harnessing-benefits-ecosystem-services-effective-ecological-intensificatio-16>







[cid:image003.png@01D138C4.5A6A33B0]Rogerio Mauricio, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei, Brazil



Rogerio focuses on livestock production suggesting to view livestock keeping as a part of an integrated landscape approach. He argues that by improving biodiversity including trees, shrubs, grasses in pasture areas, not only would the animal production be increased but also carbon sequestration, water production, welfare, wood production, fertilizer cycling, etc. would benefit.

Jeff also advocates a bottom up approach to policy making driven by famers' uptake of ecological production practices. [...]

Link to the full contribution<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-harnessing-benefits-ecosystem-services-effective-ecological-intensificatio-15>







[cid:image003.png@01D138C4.5A6A33B0]Subhash Chand, ICAR, India



Subhash shares his view that in order to harness ecological services in a sustainable manner, development process need to be linked with conservation of existing resources. [...]

Link to the full contribution<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-harnessing-benefits-ecosystem-services-effective-ecological-intensificatio-14>







[cid:image003.png@01D138C4.5A6A33B0]R. Shashi Kumar Shashi Kumar, Bangalore University, India



R. Shashi calls for a greater coordination between sectors, as ecosystems are suffering from a mismatch of approaches. [...]

Link to the full contribution<http://www.fao.org/fsnforum/forum/contributions/re-harnessing-benefits-ecosystem-services-effective-ecological-intensificatio-13>











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