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From:
Dibungi Luseba <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Forum on family poultry production in developing countries <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Thu, 14 Jun 2012 13:13:00 +0000
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Dear all,

The message below refers. It has a strong element of lack of information from the sender. A thermostable vaccine is almost a must for the African FP. I have been personally commissioned to conduct a market studies on the thermostable vaccine by Global Alliance for Livestock Veterinary Medicines (GALVMED) last year in the SADC region. Besides South Africa and Zimbabwe where the cold chain can be maintained, this is just not possible for the rest of the region. The veterinary service is lacking and ill-equipped. Where the system has been partially privatised, the vaccinators  charge up to the equivalent of one dollar to cover for the wasted vaccine. Remember these vaccines are sold in 100 to 1000 doses, meaning that at any given time, the vaccinator will never get the adequate number to vaccinate.

There is a need for an holistic approach to health issues of the FP. The Mozambican experience is a success story I have seen.

Just my prompt response

Regards,
Dibungi


Dr Dibungi Luseba
DrMedVet (L'SHI), MSc (Agric), PhD (Pret.)
Dept Animal Sciences, Faculty of Science
Tshwane University of Technology
P.Bag X680
Pretoria 0001
South Africa
Visit us at: www.tut.ac.za



From: Forum on family poultry production in developing countries [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of efq
Sent: 14 June 2012 01:46 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: PoultryDevelopment-L: approval required (AC67DF1E)

Dear All,

Sorry for my very low level of participation in the forum but I'm almost always in mission and out of connection.

There is one single point that I would like to make clear about family poultry vaccination against Newcastle disease (subject mentioned in the email below):
Thermostable vaccines adapted to family poultry are available from many brand names of very well known veterinary pharmaceutical companies.
These vaccines are inactivated and one shot of vaccine is globally enough for the production cycle of family poultry population.
This is know at least since 1978.
Hundred of millions of family poultry have been vaccinated successfully by farmers themselves and with full cost recovery of the vaccines sold by veterinarians.
There is a clear reason for that: everybody is ready to spend 0,1 USD/dose=poultry because 6-8 months later this poultry will be sold 2-3 USD.

The fact that, still, many scientists and development agencies, continue to claim for "thermostable vaccine" is just a pity and a proof of lack of communication.

I'm ready to send again, if necessary the CD Rom that has been made about this matter.

Sincerely

ERIC FERMET-QUINET



De : Funso Sonaiya <[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>>
Répondre à : Funso Sonaiya <[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>>
Date : Fri, 1 Jun 2012 23:49:12 -0700
À : <[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>>
Objet : Fw: PoultryDevelopment-L: approval required (AC67DF1E)


Prof. E. B. Sonaiya
Dept. of Animal Science,
Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife 220005, NIGERIA.
[log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>, +234 803 719 7378
Co-ordinator,
International Network for Family Poultry Development.
<www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/en/infpd/home.html<http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/themes/en/infpd/home.html>>
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Sent: Friday, June 1, 2012 3:57 PM
Subject: PoultryDevelopment-L: approval required (AC67DF1E)

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Dear colleagues this is Datta Rangnrkar from India again mailing views and
comments on topics 1 and 3.

*2. The contribution of research to the development of family poultry
production systems.*



·        There is very little research, in India, on family poultry
production systems, economics and such related aspects and if there is some
the results are not easily available (not well publicized)*.* Having said
that I must also mention that the major contribution of research has been
to develop 'low input varieties of birds (synthetics/hybrids)' that looks
like indigenous bird and needs low inputs.* *These varieties are developed
by breeding farms / research institutes/centers of the Indian Council of
Agri. Research (ICAR) as well as private hatcheries and recommended for
distribution under Government schemes for development of family poultry.
While there are claims that these new birds the real picture will emerge
after the Govt. grants and subsidies are withdrawn.

·        Studies on role of family poultry from the perspective of
livelihood systems perspective are lacking. With due apologies let me state
that the 'usual reductionist approach adopted in research' does not suit
studies on family poultry and there is need for paradigm change and
adoption of 'systems and participatory approach'. Results of studies with
such an approach would help in making development of family poultry more
effective.

·        While genetic characterization of indigenous fowl is lacking
there is need to take up research related to health aspects on priority.

·        As always, the families living in relatively better developed
areas get benefits of research.

·          There is need for shift from the conventional 'Transfer of
Technology' approach and attempts should be made to assess and prioritize
needs of family poultry and select appropriate technologies. However, the
fact remains that family poultry does not attract much attention (for
funding) in view of low commercial value. A good example is
non-availability of 'heat resistant or tolerant vaccine' in India although
in many parts of the country maintaining cold chain is not possible and
hence poor coverage through vaccination of birds maintained by families in
interior rural areas resulting in heavy losses.

·        The expertise developed in commercial poultry industry is not
much use for family poultry. However, commercial hatcheries have made good
contribution by developing a dual type/low input bird.

·        Any product of research (recommendations or technology) which is
not only technically sound, economically beneficial but also socially
adoptable and not risky would be welcome by family poultry producers. Help
in developing low cost housing based on local material was most welcome by
family producers.

3. *Competing or complementing commercial poultry production systems?*

·          Household consumption vs. commercialization of family poultry -
which is best? There is basic flaw in this concept since family poultry has
multiple functions e.g. contribution to family income, nutrition and risk
coverage (an addition is empowerment of women since it is usually managed
by women).

·          Family poultry contributes substantially towards protein needs
and in some states of India as much as 50% of poultry production is from
family poultry. However, much of the contribution as protein source is
hidden and not accounted for through conventional surveys carried out since
the families do not keep records of home consumption or for social events.

·          As mentioned earlier family poultry does not have problem of
selling the produce - consumers and retailers come to them in most cases.
Families keeping small number of birds - indigenous fowl - under
free-ranging low external input system have a niche market and get higher
price for their produce. In general the family units are most likely to be
competitive in view of low establishment cost and overheads.

·          Traditional family poultry units do not compete for food/feed
and are likely to meet food safety and even welfare standards as compared
to commercial intensive system based farms (do not use growth promoters).

·          Rising per-capita income is increasing demand for products from
traditional family poultry since people from peri-urban and urban areas are
willing to pay higher price for products having more appealing taste and
flavor.

·          It is not proper to compare low external input family poultry
and high external input commercial farms in an ad-hoc manner since each has
place and situations in different regions of a developing country differ.
For example in India there are several pockets where establishing large
commercial farms is not feasible due to some constraints and family poultry
can make substantial contribution to poultry products.

Best wishes.


Datta

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Dear colleagues this is Datta Rangnrkar from India again mailing views and comments on topics 1 and 3.

 2. The contribution of research to the development of family poultry production systems.

·         There is very little research, in India, on family poultry production systems, economics and such related aspects and if there is some the results are not easily available (not well publicized). Having said that I must also mention that the major contribution of research has been to develop 'low input varieties of birds (synthetics/hybrids)' that looks like indigenous bird and needs low inputs. These varieties are developed by breeding farms / research institutes/centers of the Indian Council of Agri. Research (ICAR) as well as private hatcheries and recommended for distribution under Government schemes for development of family poultry. While there are claims that these new birds the real picture will emerge after the Govt. grants and subsidies are withdrawn.
·         Studies on role of family poultry from the perspective of livelihood systems perspective are lacking. With due apologies let me state that the 'usual reductionist approach adopted in research' does not suit studies on family poultry and there is need for paradigm change and adoption of 'systems and participatory approach'. Results of studies with such an approach would help in making development of family poultry more effective.
·         While genetic characterization of indigenous fowl is lacking there is need to take up research related to health aspects on priority.
·         As always, the families living in relatively better developed areas get benefits of research.
·          There is need for shift from the conventional 'Transfer of Technology' approach and attempts should be made to assess and prioritize needs of family poultry and select appropriate technologies. However, the fact remains that family poultry does not attract much attention (for funding) in view of low commercial value. Agood example is non-availability of 'heat resistant or tolerant vaccine' in India although in many parts of the country maintaining cold chain is not possible and hence poor coverage through vaccination of birds maintained byfamilies in interior rural areas resulting in heavy losses.
·         The expertise developed in commercial poultry industry is not much use for family poultry. However, commercial hatcherieshave made good contribution by developing a dual type/low input bird.
·         Any product of research (recommendations or technology) which is not only technically sound, economically beneficial but also socially adoptable and not risky would be welcome by family poultry producers. Help in developing low cost housing based on local material was most welcome by family producers.
 3. Competing or complementing commercial poultry production systems?
·          Household consumption vs. commercialization of family poultry - which is best? There is basic flaw in this concept since family poultry has multiple functions e.g.contribution to family income, nutrition and risk coverage (an addition is empowerment of women since it is usually managed by women).
·          Family poultry contributes substantially towards protein needs and in some states of India as much as 50% of poultry production is from family poultry. However,much of the contribution as protein source is hidden and not accounted for through conventional surveys carried out since the families do not keep records of home consumption or for social events.
·          As mentioned earlier family poultry does not have problem of selling the produce - consumers and retailers come to them in most cases. Families keeping small number of birds - indigenous fowl - under free-ranging low external input system have a niche market and get higher price for their produce. In general the family units are most likely to be competitive in view of low establishment cost and overheads.
·          Traditional family poultry units do not compete for food/feed and are likely to meet food safety and even welfare standards as compared to commercial intensive system based farms (do not use growth promoters).
·          Rising per-capita income is increasing demand for products from traditional familypoultry since people from peri-urban and urban areas are willing to pay higher price for products having more appealing taste and flavor.
·          It is not proper to compare low external input family poultry and high external input commercial farms in an ad-hoc manner since each has place and situations in different regions of a developing country differ. For example in India there are several pockets where establishing large commercial farms is not feasible due to some constraints and family poultry can make substantial contribution to poultry products.
Best wishes.

Datta


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