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From:
Robyn Alders <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Forum on family poultry production in developing countries <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Sun, 10 Jun 2012 11:30:08 +1000
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>
> Thank you Dr Sujit Nayak for your excellent review.
>
>
>> I would like to make one small comment in relation to the
>> "African/Mozambique" model.  While the model focussed on ND control (in
>> response to farmer priorities), the model also makes reference to
>> appropriate housing, creep feeding of chicks, marketing and biosecurity.
>
>
>> The ACIAR ND training manual ( http://aciar.gov.au/publication/mn086 )
>>  provides an overview of this model.  This manual is to be updated over the
>> coming 6 months and so we would welcome comments on it.  If you could send
>> your comments to me at <[log in to unmask]> by the end of
>> August, that would be much appreciated.
>
>
>> Kind regards, Robyn
>
>
> On 8 June 2012 21:13, Sujit Nayak <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
>
>>
>> Dear Coordinators and participants,
>>
>> I would like to share a few more ideas and experiences on the following
>> topics:
>>
>>
>> *Which factors should be taken into account when designing good
>> organizational models for sustainable family poultry development?*
>>
>> ** **
>>
>>      *·**         **What are the experiences from successful projects?
>> How can their interventions be replicated or become sustainable and what
>> are the challenges of replication in other areas?*
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> Following are some of the interesting models I have come across which
>> actually focus on a specific segment (given in the parentheses) as per the
>> regional requirements:****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> —  Bangladesh(BRAC) /Asian model- (extended to Nepal, Philippines, Fiji-
>> Self-Help Groups, Micro-financing)****
>>
>> —  African/ Mozambique model (extended to Kenya, Morocco, Benin, Burkina
>> Faso- New Castle Disease vaccine)****
>>
>> —  Latin American / Cuban model (extended to Nicaragua, Haiti - epizootiological
>> monitoring and surveillance program)****
>>
>> —  DANIDA-Danish Development Agency-Integrated Livestock Programs
>> (extension/ training/ farmers field school)****
>>
>> —  Kegg Farms – a private company (supply chain)****
>>
>> —  PRADAN(Kesla)s- a social non-govt. organization model (market access
>> facilitation)****
>>
>> —  ICAR model– Indian Council of Agricultural Research(Germplasm flow)***
>> *
>>
>> —  NABARD (techno-economic considerations and credit flow)****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> Ideal Organizational models should be an amalgamation of various factors
>> derived from the above experiences. The model may incorporate:****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> a)   Research model on improving birds suitable for FP, feed resource
>> base etc.****
>>
>> b)   Inputs supply model and Service delivery models including Health
>> services****
>>
>> c)   Training, skill upgradation, extension model****
>>
>> d)   Marketing model(where needed)  with credit flow and financing****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> I am sure we can extrapolate and replicate these mutatis mutandis.****
>>
>> *     ***
>>
>> *·**         **Does working for specific target groups (e.g. women)
>> improve the chances of success in working for FP?*
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *     *Though it is a well-known fact that besides income generation, FP
>> provides nutrition supplementation in form of valuable animal protein and
>> empowers women as generally the backyard activities are handled by the
>> women in rural areas. ****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> However, it is, at this stage felt better to stick to the objective of
>> alleviating the extreme poverty condition using FP as a tool the landless
>> and marginal farmers which of course include women (landless farmers  constitute
>> 32% of the rural poor in India; but distribution of poultry is only to the
>> extent of 6.5%).****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> The success should be reflected in reduction of extreme poverty – so may
>> be the target group should be the most vulnerable group of society – as not
>> the spread and production of poultry, but empowered resource-poor humans
>> should define the success.**
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *·**         **Ways of disseminating lessons learned (successes, but
>> also failures) from family poultry development projects.*
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *     *This is really interesting and important. A demo alongwith
>> success stories may be shown as a film in clusters where FP programs are
>> implemented. Better even, if pictorial flyers/ posters can be distributed.
>> The highlighting of ‘failures’ otr ‘What NOT to do’ is all the more
>> important. ****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> I often share a picture I had taken of a covered earthen grain storing
>> vessels (called mokli in local language- I have attached a picture) which
>> was used by some people to keep the birds resulting in mortality- this
>> strikes the others who see it immediately that the birds do need
>> ventilation in the shelter to breath. It may strike as common sense to us
>> but is crucial for the farmer.****
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *·**         **Which resources need to be mobilized to make projects
>> sustainable?*
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *     *As a top down approach, the administrators in the Government must
>> realize the factors for sustainability of the FP programs and the must be
>> convinced- as they often look towards commercial/industrial poultry to be
>> the major pillar of development.****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>>      Resources need to be mobilized for research ****
>>
>> a)   at input level for development of suitable germplasm****
>>
>> b)   at field level, participatory research for feedback from Family
>> Poultry keepers****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>>      The statistics of target group and FP- especially the production
>> from FP, is another important aspect which is required to be recorded
>> properly as all financial calculations to mobilize resources will depend on
>> that.****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>>     At the bottoms up approach, NGOs and other Organizations should
>> mobilize the delivery, marketing and supply chain to enable decentralized
>> management.****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> *·**        **Which are the institutions that provide the best
>> conditions for promoting a sustainable development and should be
>> responsible for it?*
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *     *I believe that the Government and the NGOs will play an equally
>> important role in policy planning and implementation at ground level.****
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *·**         **How important are Markets and the economies of scale for
>> the success of interventions?*
>>
>> In a cluster approach having surplus production, development of niche
>> market is crucial and with substantial production the costs of logistics,
>> cost of inputs and service delivery can be taken care of. ****
>>
>> It would be interesting to work out the critical number of families
>> involved and quantum of production to achieve the same. ****
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *·**         **What level of public funding is required to support and
>> promote FP and for what type of interventions?*
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *     *This may vary from place to place but initial efforts to give
>> fillip requires that this should be funded 100% by the Government. Possible
>> tailor-made interventions are already mentioned.****
>>
>> * *
>>
>> *·**         **What are promising new **technologies to improve FP?***
>>
>> The Information Technology for widespread dissemination of basic
>> information as well as for feedback could be explored alongwith charting of
>> FP areas on a digital map (if not GPS) may help policy makers to focus on
>> the areas of interventions as well as to enable surveillance.****
>>
>> ** **
>>
>> ** Regards,**
>>
>> ****
>>
>> **Sujit Nayak**
>>
>> **India**
>>
>> ------------------------------
>>
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>>
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-- 
Robyn Alders (Tel: +61-2-48402035; Mobile: +61-467-603370)
* Director, International Rural Poultry Centre, KYEEMA Foundation.
http://www.kyeemafoundation.org
* Honorary Associate Professor, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University
of Sydney, Australia
* Adjunct Associate Professor, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine,
Tufts University, USA.

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