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Date: Tue, 5 Jun 2012 16:52:29 +0200
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Subject: Note for Econference on family poultry
From: Salimata Pousga <[log in to unmask]>
To: [log in to unmask]
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Hello
Below is my contribution from Burkina Faso on the topic: "Contribution
of research on the development of family poultry production":


In Burkina Faso research works in the poultry sector in general and
the family poultry sector  in particular were mainly based on the
nutritional aspects and the goal was to promote poultry production in
the rural areas in order to increase household  income and  also to
promote gender issue in the rural areas. Very little attention was
given to the other research topiucs such as genetic selection and
health status.

summary and implication of some results from research works carried on
village poultry in Burkina Faso:

	Research on the evaluation of performance and economic efficiency
showed that  exotic layers could be reared advantageously in a
semi-scavenging system and in confinement by resource-poor farmers,
using locally available feedstuffs such as cottonseed cake and brans
as protein ingredients.
	Alternative ingredients to imported protein feeds were evaluated and
it was found that cottonseed cake could advantageously replace
fishmeal in exotic layer diets when combined with wheat and  maize
bran, as a result of its high crude protein content, and also because
the glandless (gossypol-free) variety commonly cultivated in Burkina
Faso allows higher levels of inclusion. Another by-product produced at
village level, beer residue, was also found to be potentially useful,
due to the fairly high protein content and high digestibility values
of some essential amino acids.
	The scavengeable feed resource base in some regions of Burkina Faso
that were studied is poor in quantity and quality, particularly during
the dry season, which lasts for almost eight months of the year.
Inputs for poultry in the rural areas are low, mainly because of the
high cost of conventional feeds and also due to competition between
humans and chickens for potential feed ingredients such as cereals.
 Poultry is a class of small livestock that resource-poor people can
afford, including neglected groups such as women and the landless, and
therefore is one of the most important sustainable sources of income
and capital accumulation available to the poor. However, rural poverty
persists, due amongst other things to the rapidly increasing human
population and natural factors, including diseases such as avian
influenza, that negatively influence the expansion of village poultry.
The smallholder poultry sector was blamed for the spread of this
disease, and it was suggested that a higher degree of control should
be enforced with respect to smallholder producers. For example the
authorities required that smallholders prevent their poultry from
scavenging and instead, keep them confined in an enclosure. Taking
into consideration smallholders=92 restricted economic situation,
however, and the reality of village conditions, it seemed highly
unlikely that this ban was realistically feasible.
However, the results of many research studies in family poultry sector
in Burkina Faso show clearly that confinement and supplementation can
lead to better performance as well as improved bio-security, and
therefore, to promote poultry production in the rural areas, the
following recommendations are suggested:

- Measures to improve disease control
- Evaluation and promotion of confinement systems for small-scale producers
- Government policy should take into consideration the possibility of
subsidising agro-industrial by-products for poultry producers in the
rural areas.

Future Research
- Further research focusing on poultry production systems suitable for
resource-poor people in Burkina Faso and could include:
- Development of bioassay techniques to evaluate the nutritive value
of by-products produced at village level.
-T echniques for improving the palatability and intake of some
by-products by the birds.
- Feeding trials should be carried out at village level, to evaluate
the effect of inclusion level of these by-products on growth and egg
production performance.
 - Studies should also be carried out in Burkina Faso on disease
control in scavenging systems; for example to evaluate the effect of
supplementation and improving  the scavenging feed resource base on
the prevalence of parasites and infectious diseases.

--=20
Dr Salimata Pousga
DVM, PhD
Ma=EEtre Assistante: Universit=E9 Polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, Institut=
 du
D=E9veloppement Rural
BP 1091, Burkina Faso.
Tel: (+226)78802693
Chef du d=E9partement de vulgarisation agricole

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