Dear moderator and Dear collegues

I am following with interest the exchanges since the beginning but am 
not yet occurred for various reasons
I was Professor of Animal Infectious Diseases at the Veterinary School 
of Dakar and I just retire.
In the differential diagnosis of respiratory diseases in small 
ruminants, we may distinguish PPR from other pulmonary small ruminants 
diseases, like sheep and goat pox ( SGP ) , contagious caprine 
pleuropneumonia and pasteurellosis . But in these pasteurellosis, we 
must distinguish the involvement of /Pasteurella multocida/ and 
/Mannheimia haemolytica/. Vaccination traditionally performed against 
ovine and caprine pasteurellosis in West and Central Africa does not 
protect against infection with /Mannheimia haemolytica/ .
That is why, given the cost of vaccination and eradication of PPR, it 
would be appropriate to target some major diseases between pulmonary 
small ruminants diseases like PPR, pasteurellosis, contagious caprine 
pleuropneumonia and sheep and goat pox by using a polyvalent vaccine or 
combined vaccination.

Pr AKAKPO

Le 2014-02-24 16:40, Paul Rossiter a écrit :
> Good Afternoon Everyone,
> Welcome to session 4 of the PPR-GREN e-conference “Network to be 
> inclusiveor exclusive of other small ruminant diseases”.   This 
> important question  asks whether or not other diseases should be 
> addressed together with PPR  but, assuming that the answer might be 
> yes,  it also implies which diseases? I also think it  asks whether 
> these other diseases should be considered for progressive control 
> leading to eradication  and not just routine control to manageable 
> levels.
> During the first three weeks of the conference we largely focused on 
> the progressive control of PPR. However, even in the first two days of 
> the conference Drs Ithondeka and Razig drew attention to the 
> possibility of including other disease with PPR control, namely sheep 
> and goat pox (SGP), contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and Rift 
> Valley fever (RVF). I am circulating contributions from Dr David Ward 
> (sent out once already) and from Dr Nick Honhold who both make the 
> case for controlling other diseases, including brucellosis, together 
> with PPR.
> More than one participant has mentioned that the high cost of 
> vaccination in the field is due to vaccine delivery rather than the 
> purchase price of the vaccines themselves. Therefore there is 
> compelling economic incentive to take the opportunity provided by a 
> field visit to accomplish as much as possible* including vaccinating 
> against more than just one pathogen that is prevalent in that area 
> – so long as the livestock owners wish this to be done (my limited 
> socio-economics coming in here). I believe that SGP is a very suitable 
> candidate for progressive control and possible eradication. Much of 
> its epidemiology and basic biology is similar to that of PPR; it has 
> been eradicated from many countries with zoo-sanitary measures alone; 
> and now with an effective vaccine it seems a prime candidate for 
> eradication.To do this in conjunction with PPR makes sense since the 
> global distribution of the two viruses significantly 
> overlap.Already Somalia, Yemen and several other countries vaccinate 
> successfully against both diseases simultaneously.The drive to produce 
> a recombinant SGP-PPR vaccine illustrates the obvious opportunity to 
> address both diseases together. Man has eradicated two virus diseases, 
> smallpox and rinderpest, so another pox virus and morbillivirus could 
> be winning combination.
> Besides the economic argument for progressive control of more than 
> just PPR there is the “lessons learned” and interest factor. When 
> smallpox was eradicated there were lessons learned and confidence 
> generated that eradication was possible and therefore the new tool in 
> the box for disease control. Even before smallpox was eradicated, the 
> WHO was preparing its enhanced programme of immunization for up to six 
> preventable diseases of human childhood.This programme is still 
> running and has made huge strides in reducing the global prevalence of 
> measles and polio with regional elimination of some viruses. In the 
> wake of rinderpest eradication the opportunity is there to do the same 
> and utilize the skills in the “strengthened veterinary services” to 
> take on more diseases than PPR.
> We need to hear your views about which diseases if any  you see as 
> being feasible for inclusion with PPR in progressive control and how 
> you see these being incorporated within PPR-GREN as new themes or 
> sub-themes.Not all diseases are eradicable but they can of course be 
> included within a wider global programme where they are prevalent and 
> have significant impact at a local level. And of course you may decide 
> it is best to concentrate on only  PPR to ensure a positive outcome.
> Moderator.
> (* When vaccinating flocks and herds rarely visited by animal health 
> staff the opportunity to collect as much epidemiological information 
> as possible should also not be missed).
>
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