Dear Dr  Kock,
Thank you for enlightening this conversation; of a particular interest is for me the following passage "The exact reason for this is speculative but we would have to consider reduced immunity, in susceptible species, after cessation of RP vaccination as a strong possibility or extraordinary coincidence!".

To that, I would also guess that the pathogens themselves/PPRV have developed some adaptive mechanisms so as to evade the host immune system/environmental conditions and therefore increase their pathogenicity.
I am thinking of this because it is known that RP virus (RPV) and PPR virus (PPRV) are both members of the same Morbillivirus genus and that at a time, the cross-reactive and cross-protective antibodies generated by either of these two related viruses--the normal tissue culture-adapted vaccine strain of RPV (RBOK)--was commonly used to vaccinate against PPR, as it was known to be both safe and clinically effective.
Thanks

DVM (Agric Academy of Ukraine, former URSS)
MPH (Kansas State University, USA)
Certificate in Initial Acredit. Training (IAT) for the USDA National  Veterinary Acredition Program (KSU)
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Le Jeudi 6 février 2014 19h08, "Kock, Richard" <[log in to unmask]> a écrit :
Dear Colleagues
 
I do not believe the”spread” of PPR in Africa is due to improved surveillance! We had pretty good seroepidemiological data on wildlife, which is NOT vaccinated, showing probable presence of the infection spill over in wildlife of West & Central Africa & Ethiopia over the last 30 years but equally good evidence that there was no infection in wildlife south of Sudan and Ethiopia up to 2003. After this there has been evidence of antibody conversion at the population level in Ugandan buffalo in 2003-4 which was reported from CIRAD and through IBAR in 2004 and we are now working in East Africa through the IUEPPR project to establish if this trend has continued. Negative baselines exist for Kenya and Tanzania. By revisiting some of these populations we will know how recent and persistent infection has been further south – spatially and temporally.  The exact reason for this is speculative but we would have to consider reduced immunity, in susceptible species, after cessation of RP vaccination as a strong possibility or extraordinary coincidence! I also agree that increasing animal numbers & densities, movements etc probably have played a role in this. Much to learn.
 
Sincerely
 
 
Richard Kock
Professor Wildlife Health and Emerging Diseases
Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases
The Royal Veterinary College
Hawkshead Lane
North Mymms
Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA
England
Tel: +44(0)170766 6396 (Office)
Tel: +44(0)7903392359 (Mobile)
 
Adjunct Prof. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tufts, Grafton Mass. USA
Co-Chair IUCN Species Survival Commission - Wildlife Health Specialist Group
 
 
 
 
 
 
From: Establishment of a PPR Global Research and Expertise Network (PPR-GREN) [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On Behalf Of Muhammad Abubakar
Sent: 06 February 2014 13:45
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: A good question waiting to be answered
 
Dear Paul
Nice to have a reminder on this question. I think you will be in better position to answer as working on PPR while passing through all of RP campaign. 
To me resurgence of PPR is only due to its importance and awareness in scientific as well as farmer community. RP vaccination might have its role in Africa but talking of South Asia and surroundings, disease was present but not being reported with this intensity as today. Also, most of the workers on RP has turned their tables towards PPR. 
Best Regards

 
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