*Global CA-CoP* *CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE* *for sustainable production intensification and land management* Dear Subscribers, Please see herebelow the Latest Scoops on Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - November 2017 from Cornell. Thank you Peter Hobbs and Lucy Fischer for sharing. Apologies for any cross-posting. *Amir Kassam * *Moderator* e-mail: [log in to unmask] URL: www.fao.org/ag/ca ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Peter Hobbs <[log in to unmask]> Date: Thu, Nov 23, 2017 at 5:38 PM Subject: Latest Scoops on Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - November 2017 To: Amir Kassam <[log in to unmask]> FW: Latest Scoops on Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - November 2017 Dear Amir: This is the latest, November, 2017 CA Research Updates. Can you send out to all your members of your listserve? Thanks Peter You can also review on-line at http://www.scoop.it/t/ conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag The hard copy is below. [image: nservation Agriculture Research Updates - November 2017] <http://sco.lt/7CY7cn?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - November 2017 <http://sco.lt/7CY7cn?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org) <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Powered by [image: oop.it] <http://sco.lt/62rhAn?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Agro-ecological functions of crop residues under conservation agriculture. A review <http://sco.lt/6Zj54z?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From link.springer.com <http://sco.lt/4r4IxF?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - Today, 10:28 AM <http://sco.lt/6Zj54z?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Ranaivoson, L., K. Naudin, A. Ripoche, F. Affholder, L. Rabeharisoa & M. Corbeels. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 37: 1-17. <http://sco.lt/6Zj54z?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13593-017-0432-z <http://sco.lt/59EdHN?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This study used a meta-analysis of the literature, to study the relative effects of surface crop residue levels on the performance of a set of agro-ecological functions compared with a no-till bare soil, i.e., without surface residues.The selected agro-ecological functions were soil water evaporation control, soil water infiltration, soil water runoff control, soil loss control, soil nutrient availability, soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and gains, weed control and soil meso- and macrofauna abundance. They observed differences in various parameters with improvements with surface residues compared to bare soil. <http://sco.lt/6Zj54z?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5ROxbV?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5jZHvd?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/61jcFl?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6JtwZt?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Effects of Tillage Practices and Land Use Management on Soil Aggregates and Soil Organic Carbon in the North Appalachian Region, USA <http://sco.lt/8OjtDt?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From linkinghub.elsevier.com <http://sco.lt/6c4Gu1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - Today, 10:02 AM <http://sco.lt/8OjtDt?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Nath, A., & R. Lal. 2017. Pedosphere. 27(1): 172-176. <http://sco.lt/8OjtDt?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(17)60301-1 <http://sco.lt/6uEbE9?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This paper suggests that reducing soil physical disturbance is essential to management of soil carbon sink capacity. They compared ZT corn (NTC), conventional till corn (CTC), pasture land (PL) and native forest (NF) at 4 sites in Ohio on various soil physical properties.The results showed that both water-stable aggregation and mean weight diameter were greater in soil for NTC than for CTC. Macroaggregates in soil for NTC contained 40% more organic carbon and total nitrogen over microaggregates in soil for CTC.The NT practice enhanced soil organic carbon content over the CT practice and thus was an important strategy of carbon sequestration in cropland soils. <http://sco.lt/8OjtDt?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7COvYH?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7UZFsP?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7mjaCX?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/84tuWf?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Effects of weed control strategy on weed dynamics, soybean productivity and profitability under conservation agriculture in India <http://sco.lt/6hPblp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From linkinghub.elsevier.com <http://sco.lt/8N4Eqn?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - Today, 9:35 AM <http://sco.lt/6hPblp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Sepat, S., C. Thierfelder, A.R. Sharma, K. Pavuluri, D. Kumar, M.A. Iquebal & A. Verma. 2017. Field Crops Research. 210: 61-70. <http://sco.lt/6hPblp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2017.05.017 <http://sco.lt/8fEZAv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This study evaluates crop establishment methods and weed management on weed populations in India. There were 4 tillage treatments; CT on the flat and on beds and ZT on the flat and beds. Weed management treatments were unweeded, Pendimethalin pre-emergent herbicide plus one hand weeding at 30 days and a third treatment with Pendimethalin pre-emergent plus Imazethapyr at 30 days. Weeds were maximum the first year but declined with years. ZT treatments recorded the highest weed counts the first year while CT-F had the highest weed counts in the 3rd year the two bed treatments the lowest. T2 had the lowest weed counts and highest grain yield. However, shifts in weed species were observed in later years. <http://sco.lt/6hPblp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/8xOtV3?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/9FZDpB?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/4sChTV?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5AN1nd?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *The adaptive capacity of maize-based conservation agriculture systems to climate stress in tropical and subtropical environments: A meta-regression of yields. <http://sco.lt/5mW0vZ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From dx.doi.org <http://sco.lt/5SXM7l?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - November 16, 5:08 PM <http://sco.lt/5mW0vZ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Steward, P.R., A.J. Dougill, C. Thierfelder, C. Pittelkow, L.C. Stringer, M. Kudzala, & G.E. Shackelford. 2018. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 251: 194-202. <http://sco.lt/5mW0vZ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org10.1016/j.agree.2017.09.019 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This paper uses a meta-regression in combination with global soil and climate datasets to test 4 hypotheses: (1) that relative yield performance of conservation agriculture improves with increasing drought and temperature stress; (2) that the effects of moisture and temperature stress exposure interact; (3) that the effects of moisture and temperature stress are modified by soil texture; and (4) that crop diversification, fertilizer application rate, or the time since no-till implementation will enhance conservation agriculture performance under climate stress. Their results show that relative maize yield performance of CA improves with increasing drought severity and higher temperature. Further, there is an interaction of moisture and heat stress on conservation agriculture performance and their combined effect is both non-additive and modified by soil clay content, supporting our second and third hypotheses. There was limited support for the 4th hypothesis. <http://sco.lt/5mW0vZ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5khgRt?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/62s0m1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6L2L69?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6dCfQH?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Weed control under conservation agriculture in dryland smallholder farming systems of southern Africa. A review <http://sco.lt/7JJlK5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From link.springer.com <http://sco.lt/6vMzkP?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - November 16, 4:24 PM <http://sco.lt/7JJlK5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Lee, N. & C. Thierfelder. 2017. Agronomy for Sustainable Development. 37(5): 1-25. <http://sco.lt/7JJlK5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org10.1007/s13593-017-0453-7 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: Weed management is a major constraint to adoption of CA in Africa and elsewhere. Herbicides can be used but concerns about herbicide resistance, access to chemicals and suitable sprayers and environmental issues restrict their use in Africa. In dry areas biomass is low and this also restricts using permanent soil cover as a weed strategy. This paper looked at various weed management methods in Southern and East Africa for smallholder farmers. They found no single solution and success varied by location. But developing suitable weed management systems is critical for CA adoption. <http://sco.lt/7JJlK5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7DXK4X?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7VheOf?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7nryin?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/862J2v?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Conventional tillage decreases the abundance and biomass of earthworms and alters their community structure in a global meta-analysis. <http://sco.lt/4xEfSb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From dx.doi.org <http://sco.lt/8OCdN3?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - November 16, 2:58 PM <http://sco.lt/4xEfSb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Briones, M., & O. Schmidt. 2017. Global Change Biology. 23: 10. <http://sco.lt/4xEfSb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb13744 <http://sco.lt/8OCdN3?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This is a Global meta-analysis of 165 publications over 65 years, 40 countries and 5 continents looking at the effects of tillage on earthworm populations. Disturbing the soil less, ZT and CA significantly increased earthworms and biomass compared to conventional ploughing. The response was more when the soil had been under reduced tillage for more than 10 years, in warm temperate areas with fine-textured and soils with higher clay content and pH < 5.5. Retaining organic harvest residues amplified this increase. There were differences between earthworm species. <http://sco.lt/4xEfSb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/8gMxhB?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/8yXI1J?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/9GhcLR?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/4tL5zl?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Low carbon resource conservation techniques for energy savings, carbon gain and lowering GHGs emission in lowland transplanted rice <http://sco.lt/61eeJ7?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From linkinghub.elsevier.com <http://sco.lt/5BVQJt?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - Today, 10:16 AM <http://sco.lt/61eeJ7?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Dash, P.K., P. Bhattacharyya, M. Shahid, K.S. Roy, C.K. Swain, R. Tripathi & A.K. Nayak. 2017. Soil and Tillage Research. 174: 45-57. <http://sco.lt/61eeJ7?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2017.06.001 <http://sco.lt/5Tfke1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This paper looked at 6 resource conserving techniques including a control in a rice-rice system in India to look at their impact on yield, energy savings, carbon storage, soil carbon fractions, microbial diversities, and GHG emissions. The treatments were residue incorporation, in-situ green manuring, zero-tillage, mechanical transplanting with and without real time nitrogen management. The control was manual transplanting, weeding and harvesting. Methane (CH4) emission was significantly less in zero tillage than control (11.7%). However, nitrous oxide (N2O) emission was significantly low (18.3%) in real time nitrogen management technique as compared to other treatments. ZT and real time nitrogen management have lower GHG and increase C-stocks and sustain yield in this system. <http://sco.lt/61eeJ7?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5lq4y9?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/640PIH?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6MAjcP?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6eL3wX?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Incorporation of bean plant residue in soil with different agricultural practices and its effect on the soil bacteria <http://sco.lt/9MyhU1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From linkinghub.elsevier.com <http://sco.lt/6wVOGf?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - Today, 9:49 AM <http://sco.lt/9MyhU1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Ortiz-Cornejo, N.L., E.A. Romero-Salas, Y.E. Navarro-Noya, J.C. Gonzalez-Zuniga, D.A. Ramirez-Villanueva, M.S. Vasquez-Murrieta, N. Verhulst, B. Govaerts, L. Dendooven & M. Luna-Guido. Applied Soil Ecology. 119:417-427. <http://sco.lt/9MyhU1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.07.014 <http://sco.lt/7Efian?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This study looked at the addition of legume residues on bacterial community structure in soil under CT (CB) or CA on permanent beds (PB) and compared it to maize plant residue application. Bacterial communities were significantly different under PB compared to CB when unamended. The paper then describes what happens with legume amendments. It was found that agricultural practices had a significant effect on the bacterial community structure and bean plant residue was degraded primarily by phylotypes belonging to Bacillus, Micrococcaceae and Streptomycin. More research is recommended on this topic. <http://sco.lt/9MyhU1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7Wq2uv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7p0NF3?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/87AhZB?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/8PL1tJ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Long-term no-till as a means to maintain soil surface structure in an agroecosystem transformed into irrigation. <http://sco.lt/71Evyb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From linkinghub.elsevier.com <http://sco.lt/8hVMDR?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - November 16, 5:32 PM <http://sco.lt/71Evyb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Pareja-Sanchez, E., D. Plaza-Bonilla, M.C. Ramos, J. Lampurlanes, J. Alvaro-Fuentes & C. Cantero-Martinez. Soil and Tillage Research. 174: 221-230. <http://sco.lt/71Evyb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2017.07.012 <http://sco.lt/8zfgXZ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This drylands experiment in Spain looked at ZT, Reduced tillage and Cato look at soil structural degradation. Various soil physical and chemical data was collected. aggregates were broken down in RT and CT. More Soil Organic Carbon accumulation occurred in ZT. They conclude that adoption of conservation agriculture practices such RT and NT enhances soil resilience to degradation processes and ensures an adequate development of the crop.Not sure if residues were left on the surface in ZT. <http://sco.lt/71Evyb?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/9Hq0rh?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/4uTUW1?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5Cdoq9?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5Uo9AH?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Soil fertility after 10 years of conservation tillage in organic farming <http://sco.lt/7BiiXp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From linkinghub.elsevier.com <http://sco.lt/5myTUP?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - November 16, 4:36 PM <http://sco.lt/7BiiXp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Peigne, J., J.F. Vian, V. Payet & N.P.A. Saby. 2018. Soil and Tillage Research. 175: 194-204. <http://sco.lt/7BiiXp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org10.1016/j.still.2017.09.008 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This study in France looks at the possibility of ZT in organic farming. They use the term conservation tillage rather than CA and in fact don't mention permanent residue soil cover that is a pillar of CA and probably the main reason they did not find physical and biotic factors over time. They did find their two reduced tillage treatments increased Organic C, Total N and Olsen P in the upper soil layer compared to ploughing. There were no differences in wheat yield between treatments. They suggested that not enough time had passed for differences or the sandy soil was too sensitive to soil compaction in this organic system. I suggest they add permanent soil cover as one of their treatments. <http://sco.lt/7BiiXp?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/658noX?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6NJ88f?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6fTSSn?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/6xdmmv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Zero-tillage is a proven technology for sustainable wheat intensification in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: what determines farmer awareness and adoption? <http://sco.lt/6aaI2j?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From link.springer.com <http://sco.lt/7Fo773?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - November 16, 3:12 PM <http://sco.lt/6aaI2j?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Keil, A., A. D'Souza & A. McDonald. 2017. Food Security. 9 (4):723-743. <http://sco.lt/6aaI2j?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-017-0707-x <http://sco.lt/7XyRRB?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: This paper looks at ZT in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. It studied the determinants of ZT adoption using a random 1000 wheat growing households in Bihar. Only 44% of households knew about ZT technology. Larger scale farmers had a bias in favor of knowing. Farmers who did know valued the time-saving potential, important in this area because of unreliable monsoon rains and delayed rice crop planting and harvest. Most who knew about ZT accessed it through custom hire services. Conclusions included raising awareness through mass media and extension and incentives for more service providers. <http://sco.lt/6aaI2j?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/7q8llJ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/88J65R?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/8QTQPZ?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/8idkjh?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Advances in residue management mechanisms of zero-tillage planters <http://sco.lt/7dwxm5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> * From elibrary.asabe.org <http://sco.lt/90o53p?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> - November 16, 11:59 AM <http://sco.lt/7dwxm5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> Aikins, K., D. Antille, T. Jensen & J. Blackwell. 2017. Proceedings of American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE). Paper Number: 1700449. Spokane, Washington, July 16-19, 2017. <http://sco.lt/7dwxm5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201700449 <http://sco.lt/9IyPNx?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)* <http://sco.lt/9EQpIv?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1>'s insight: A good paper on residue management systems for direct (ZT) sowing systems . They explain the need for overcoming issues of blockage of tine-furrow openers and hair pinning with disc furrow openers when trying to seed with no-till where there is residue cover. The results are better germination, seedling emergence, crop establishment and yield. <http://sco.lt/7dwxm5?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/4vbt2H?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5DmDMP?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5VwXgX?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> <http://sco.lt/5o6s0f?_tmc=o85z0XpSiNhVoJSgIbylvOAieKRW_JuDj8vBCw_byws&track=1> ######################################################################## To unsubscribe from the CA-Cop-L list, click the following link: &*TICKET_URL(CA-Cop-L,SIGNOFF);