*Global CA-CoP* *CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE COMMUNITY OF* *for sustainable agriculture, land use and ecosystem management* Dear Subscribers, Please see below the October 2022 Cornell Conservation Agriculture Research Newsletter from Professor Peter Hobbs. Thank you Professor Hobbs for sharing. Apologies for any cross-posting. *Amir Kassam * *Moderator* *Global CA-CoP* e-mail: [log in to unmask] URL: http://www.fao.org/conservation-agriculture *Regional CA websites:* URL: http://www.act-africa.org/ URL: https://ecaf.org/ URL: http://www.caa-ap.org/ URL: http://caapas.org/ ---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Peter Hobbs <[log in to unmask]> Date: Sat, 1 Oct 2022 at 15:14 Subject: October 2022 Cornell CA Research Newsletter To: Amir Kassam <[log in to unmask]> Dear Amir: Here is our October 2022 Cornell Conservation Agriculture Scoopit Research Update. You can also view online at https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?curate=true&null Can you send this out to people who get your listserv material? The hard copy is below. An easier link to see all the research papers on CA is as follows: https://www.zotero.org/groups/348525/cornell_conservation_agriculture/collections/KGBFX8BX Also, visit our main website at http://soilhealth.org for news and other CA information. Please use this link since we had to move our web site to a new server and this links takes you to the CA web site. Many thanks for helping to distribute this. Peter [image: Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - October 2022] <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag> Conservation Agriculture Research Updates - October 2022 <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag> by Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org) <https://www.scoop.it/u/conservation-ag> Powered by [image: Scoop.it] <https://www.scoop.it> Time management governs climate resilience and productivity in the coupled rice–wheat cropping systems of eastern India. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india> From www.nature.com <https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-022-00549-0> - Today, 8:07 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india> McDonald, A.J., Singh, B., Keil, A., Srivastava, A., Craufurd, P., Kishore, A., Kumar, V., Paudel, G., Singh, S., Singh, A.K., Sohane, R.K. & Malik, R.K. 2022. Nature Food. 3. 542-551. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india> https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-022-00549-0 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper was selected because few papers look at wheat date of planting yet no-till wheat in South Asia came about because it enabled earlier planting and better yields. This paper used a large number of on-farm surveys in the rice-wheat system of the IGP to show that wheat sowing date has in fact a central role on higher yields superseding all other management, soil and varietal factors. They estimate that that wheat yield potential will increase by 69% by adjusting earlier planting dates without affecting rice yield, irrigation requirements or profitability. What I didn't see in the abstract was the best way to plant wheat earlier is to adopt no-till wheat!! <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248609/2022/09/30/time-management-governs-climate-resilience-and-productivity-in-the-coupled-rice-wheat-cropping-systems-of-eastern-india> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136248609?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136248609?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136248609?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136248609> Scalable diversification options delivers sustainable and nutritious food in Indo-Gangetic plains. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains> From www.nature.com <https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-18156-1> - Today, 7:41 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains> Gora, M.K., Kumar, S., Jat, H.S., Kakraliya, S.A., Choudhary, M., Dhaka, A.K., Jat, R.D., Kakraliya, M., Sharma, P.C. & Jat, M.L. 2022. Scientific Reports. 12. Article number 14371. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-18156-1 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This study was conducted at an experimental farm of ICAR-CSSRI, Karnal on crop diversification and sustainable intensification options using agro-ecological approaches such as Conservation Agriculture (CA) and diversified cropping systems to ensure food and nutritional security while sustaining natural resources. CA-based system management using diversified crop rotations; increased the system yield, net return, protein yield, while using less irrigation water compared to conventional tillage (CT) rice–wheat system. Maize-mustard-mungbean on permanent beds (PBs) recorded the highest productivity, profitability, and saved 82% irrigation water. In western IGP, maize-wheat-mungbean on PBs was found most productive, profitable and nutritionally rich and efficient system compared to other systems. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136248575/2022/09/30/scalable-diversification-options-delivers-sustainable-and-nutritious-food-in-indo-gangetic-plains> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136248575?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136248575?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136248575?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136248575> Unraveling microbiomes and functions associated with strategic tillage, stubble, and fertilizer management <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management> From linkinghub.elsevier.com <https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S016788092100390X> - Today, 7:14 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management> Fang, Y., Van Zwietan, L., Rose, M.T., Vasileiadis, S., Donner, E., Vancov, T., Rigg, J.L., Weng, Z.H., Lombi, E., Drigo, B., Conyers, M. & Tavakkoli, E. 2022. Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment. 323. Article number 107686. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2021.107686 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper looks at the impact of a "One-time tillage (ST)" after three years on soil microbiomes and functions in a long term no-till farming system under crop stubble and fertilizer management practices. The results showed that ST had marginal effects on microbial richness and diversity, enzyme activities, and catabolic function, but significantly affected the abundance of some microbial taxa that are relevant to carbon degradation. Stubble retention, regardless of tillage and fertilizer management, mainly increased the abundance of copiotrophs. Among the management practices, stubble retention was the main factor that contributed to increased richness and diversity of the soil bacterial and fungal community. Fertilizer application, regardless of tillage and stubble management had minimal impact on bacterial and fungal richness and diversity, enzyme activity and catabolic function. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247593/2022/09/30/unraveling-microbiomes-and-functions-associated-with-strategic-tillage-stubble-and-fertilizer-management> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136247593?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136247593?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136247593?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136247593> Root and soil health management approaches for control of plant-parasitic nematodes in sub-Saharan Africa <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa> From linkinghub.elsevier.com <https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0261219421003112> - September 29, 11:46 AM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa> Karuri, H. 2022. Crop Protection. 152. Article number 105841. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105841 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This is an interesting paper on pest/disease issues of smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially plant parasitic nematodes (PPN). Present control strategies in this part of Africa are therapeutic and unsustainable. What is needed are strategies that promote soil health and enhance suppression of PPN's. This review analyzes the potential impact of CA and Integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) on PPN communities and it also provides a concise summary of low-cost PPN control strategies and their efficiency against specific nematode species. Variations in their efficacy is also discussed. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213113/2022/09/29/root-and-soil-health-management-approaches-for-control-of-plant-parasitic-nematodes-in-sub-saharan-africa> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136213113?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136213113?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136213113?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136213113> Conservation agriculture can help the South American Andean region achieve food security <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security> From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20879> - September 29, 11:23 AM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security> Barrera, V.H., Delgado, J.A. & Alwang, J.R. 2021. Agronomy Journal. 113 (6) 4494-4509. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security> https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20879 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This is a paper from the Andean region of Ecuador where small scale farming is on steep slopes and vulnerable to erosion, soil degradation, and productivity loss making the current agricultural practices unsustainable and food security a major issue. Climate change is also going to be a negative factor in this region. Past research on CA in this region suggest that cost savings and better yields make it a better system than CT. Immediate benefits did not arise but at least CA productivity did not decline. On the medium term CA resulted in better soil health (lower erosion) and higher profits than CT. The paper points out that adoption of CA is slow due to lack of any extension, so there is a need improve communication with local farmers and effectively explain to them the benefits of new technology and CA. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213006/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-can-help-the-south-american-andean-region-achieve-food-security> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136213006?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136213006?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136213006?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136213006> Current and future agronomic perspectives on rainfed soybean production systems in South Africa <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa> From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20816> - September 28, 7:36 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa> Haarhoff, S.J. & Swanepoel, P.A. 2021. Agronomy Journal. 113 (6) 4527-4540. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa> https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20816 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper looks at rainfed soybean yield gaps in South Africa despite recent genetic introductions and better weed control strategies. Inconsistent rainfall, high temperatures, and soil compaction being the major factors responsible. The benefits provided by including soybean in a maize monoculture production system has been identified, however, crop rotation effects on yield in combination with newly introduced agronomic practices such as no-tillage and crop residue retention are inconsistent. However, less rigorous soil tillage practices alongside greater residue retention can lessen surface runoff and evaporation losses. They conclude more research is needed to understand the soybean yield gap. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176442/2022/09/28/current-and-future-agronomic-perspectives-on-rainfed-soybean-production-systems-in-south-africa> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136176442?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136176442?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136176442?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136176442> Highly variable performance of sustainable intensification on smallholder farms: A systematic review <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review> From linkinghub.elsevier.com <https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2211912421000626> - September 28, 7:13 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review> Reich, J., Paul, S.S. & Snapp, S.S. 2021. Global Food Security-Agriculture Policy Economics and Environment. 30. Article number 100553. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2021.100553 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This review article had 241 articles to assess Sustainable Intensification (SI) technologies within smallholder farms. It had multiple indicators and performance responses. Crop yields were the top indicator. It also assessed from limited articles soil C stocks, food security, gender, labor, and biodiversity. SI interventions only had positive responses in 70% of the observations. with adjacent research sites reporting contrasting results. Future studies need to be longer term and assess local adaptation. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136178260/2022/09/28/highly-variable-performance-of-sustainable-intensification-on-smallholder-farms-a-systematic-review> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136178260?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136178260?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136178260?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136178260> Sustainability and efficiency analysis w.r.t adoption of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) in Pakistan: a group-wise comparison of adopters and conventional farmers <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers> From link.springer.com <https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-021-17181-3> - September 28, 5:13 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers> Imran, Md. A., Ali, A., Culas, R.J., Ashfaq, Md., Baig, I.A., Nasir, S. & Hashmi, A.H. 2022. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 29 (13) 19337-19351. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers> https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-17181-3 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper was selected since it was from Pakistan, that researched and adopted no-till in the 1980's but few papers are published from here. The paper collected data from 450 farm households in 24 villages in Pakistan Punjab. Three cropping patterns were found; rice-wheat, maize-wheat and cotton-wheat under an irrigation canal system. It compared Climate Smart (CSA) practices against conventional ones and also estimated the impact of water-smart practices of the CSA, technical training, and groundwater quality on agricultural production. Adopters of CSA practices had higher economic benefits, and improved resource efficiencies compared to conventional ones. They conclude that farmers can earn more profit, save inputs (such as water), and increase their production by adopting water-smart practices of CSA. These should be promoted by the Government and relevant institutions. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136176199/2022/09/28/sustainability-and-efficiency-analysis-w-r-t-adoption-of-climate-smart-agriculture-csa-in-pakistan-a-group-wise-comparison-of-adopters-and-conventional-farmers> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136176199?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136176199?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136176199?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136176199> Adapted Conservation Agriculture Practices Can Increase Energy Productivity and Lower Yield-Scaled Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Coastal Bangladesh <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh> From www.frontiersin.org <https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2022.829737/full> - Today, 7:53 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh> Krupnik, T.J., Hossain, M.K., Timsina, J., Gathala, M.K., Sapkota, T.B., Yasmin, S., Shahjahan, Md., Hossain, F., Kurishi, A., Miah, A.A., Rahman, B.M.S. & McDonald, A.J. 2022. Frontiers in Agronomy. 4. Article 829737. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh> https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2022.829737 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: The hypothesis for this paper was that rotating rice with maize using CA (strip-tilled maize followed by unpuddled transplanted rice), or seasonally alternating tillage (SAT; strip-tilled maize followed by fully-tilled, puddled rice with residues retained across rotations) would reduce costs and energy use, increase energy-use efficiency, and reduce yield-scaled CO2-eq emissions (YSE) and total global warming potential (GWP), compared to farmers’ own practices (FP) and conventional full-tillage (CT) under the same rotation in Bangladesh’s coastal region. Data suggested that both CA and SAT can result in a range of positive agronomic, economic, and environmental outcomes compared to FP or CT. But farmers had an aversion to use of all CA practices due to problems hiring labor to transplant unpuddled rice. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247640/2022/09/30/adapted-conservation-agriculture-practices-can-increase-energy-productivity-and-lower-yield-scaled-greenhouse-gas-emissions-in-coastal-bangladesh> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136247640?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136247640?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136247640?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136247640> Do soil conservation practices exceed their relevance as a countermeasure to greenhouse gases emissions and increase crop productivity in agriculture? <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture> From linkinghub.elsevier.com <https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0048969721054140> - Today, 7:27 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture> Shakoor, A., Dar, A.A., Arif, Md,S., Farooq, T.H., Yasmeen, T., Shahzad, S.Md., Tufail, Md.A., Ahmed, W., Albasher, G. & Ashraf, Md. 2022. Science of the Total Environment. 805. Article 150337 <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150337 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper used a meta-analysis to evaluate crop productivity (wheat, rice, maize) and GHGs for 3 major soil conservation practices: no-till, manures, and biochar. None of the manures were able to reduce GHGs emissions. Use of biochar showed a strong coupling effect between reduction of GHGs and the increase in crop productivity. Depending on crop type, all cereal crops showed varied degrees of GHGs mitigation under biochar application, with wheat responding most strongly due to the additional yield increment. No-tillage showed a significant reduction in CH4 and N2O emissions under rainfed and irrigated conditions. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136247607/2022/09/30/do-soil-conservation-practices-exceed-their-relevance-as-a-countermeasure-to-greenhouse-gases-emissions-and-increase-crop-productivity-in-agriculture> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136247607?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136247607?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136247607?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136247607> Conservation agriculture improves soil physical properties and crop productivity: a long-term study in middle Indo-Gangetic Plains of India <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india> From www.publish.csiro.au <https://www.publish.csiro.au/sr/SR20329> - September 29, 12:11 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india> Rao, K.K, Samal, S.K., Poonia, S.P., Kumar, R., Mishra, J.S., Bhatt, B.P., Dwivedi, S.K., Mondal, S., Choubey, A.K., Kumar, S., Kumar, M., Malik, R.K. & Dalal, R.C. 2022. Soil Research. 60 (6) 442-454. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india> https://doi.org/10.1071/SR20329 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper reports on a field experiment in the middle IndoGangetic Plains of India to determine if CA can arrest soil fertility decline and improve production in this area. They tested 4 common farming practices that had different tillage, seeding, residue management, and crops. After 7 years, 3 systems lowered Bulk Density and compaction, and higher soil macro-aggregates compared to the conventional check.Avoiding tillage in wheat and including a food legume in rotation increased annual rice equivalent yields by 30.5-34.4%. NT and retention of crop residues had potential to improve soil health and monetary gains. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136213243/2022/09/29/conservation-agriculture-improves-soil-physical-properties-and-crop-productivity-a-long-term-study-in-middle-indo-gangetic-plains-of-india> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136213243?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136213243?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136213243?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136213243> Improved and sustainable agroecosystem, food security and environmental resilience through zero tillage with emphasis on soils of temperate and subtropical climate regions: A review <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review> From linkinghub.elsevier.com <https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2095633922000053> - September 29, 11:38 AM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review> Hassan, W., Li, Y., Saba, T., Jabbi, F., Wang, B., Cai, A. & Wu, J. 2022. International soil and water conservation research. 10 (3) 530-545. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2022.01.005 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This review starts with a review of the negative issues of tillage that impacts agroecosystems, productivity, and the environment and lists several more specific issues including oxidation of SOM and emission of GHG's. This review looked at the effect of tillage systems (CT and NT) using 150 peer reviewed research articles. The paper established that NT improves soil structure, aggregate stability, biological diversity, organic matter and nutrients, water and water use efficiency, and reduces soil degradation, erosion, tillage machinery impacts, and GHG emissions. It allows timely seeding and better crop growth, increases yield and food security, improves carbon sequestration, strengthens soil storage potential, and helps to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on environmental resilience. Should I say more that NT should be assessed, promoted, and enabled where found feasible. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136212181/2022/09/29/improved-and-sustainable-agroecosystem-food-security-and-environmental-resilience-through-zero-tillage-with-emphasis-on-soils-of-temperate-and-subtropical-climate-regions-a-review> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136212181?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136212181?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136212181?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136212181> Energy balance and efficiency in crop rotation systems. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems> From ojs.uel.br <https://ojs.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/43678> - September 29, 9:34 AM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems> Ferreira, M.H.G., Bordin, I., Buratto, O.M. & Pontes, L. S. 2021. Semina-Ciencias Agrarias. 42 (6) supplement 2. 3651-3666. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems> https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6Supl2p3651 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This is an interesting paper that looks at rotations, one of the pillars of CA in Brazil. Recently rotation has been changed to crop diversity. The most common cropping pattern in Brazil is soybean/second corn crop succession and has led to problems with water and soil conservation and increase in pests and diseases and thus increase in energy use. This study looked at 6 different cropping patterns compared against the one above. Both the traditional and alternate cropping patters provided positive energy balance and efficiency -- they produced more energy than they consumed. But some of the newer systems had higher energy balances and efficiency than the traditional one. The abstract did not mention any differences in pests and diseases though but may have in the paper. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136208118/2022/09/29/energy-balance-and-efficiency-in-crop-rotation-systems> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136208118?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136208118?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136208118?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136208118> A global meta-analysis of the impacts of no-tillage on soil aggregation and aggregate-associated organic carbon <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon> From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4109> - September 28, 7:26 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon> Liu, X., Wu, X., Liang, G., Zheng, F., Zhang, M. & Li, S. 2021. Land Degradation & Development. 32 (18) 5292-5305. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon> https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4109 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper used a meta-analysis of 89 articles to identify changes in soil aggregation and aggregate-associated soil organic carbon (SOC) at the global level. They looked at climatic conditions, experimental duration, cropping intensity, soil texture, and initial SOC/pH) in the changes in those 2 variables. Compared to conventional tillage (CT) No-tillage (NT) increased water stable large (LM) and small (SM) macro-aggregates and mean weight diameter (MWD) but decreased micro-aggregates and silt plus clay-size particles (SC). NT significantly enhanced SOC concentrations in LM (17%), SM (14%), MIC (10%), and SC (7%) compared to CT. The random forest (RF) model demonstrated that climatic conditions, experimental duration, and soil texture were the predominant factors controlling the changes in aggregation and aggregate-associated SOC under NT. The conclude that NT helps improve soil structure and SOC sequestration, ultimately controlling soil degradation in croplands. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175567/2022/09/28/a-global-meta-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-no-tillage-on-soil-aggregation-and-aggregate-associated-organic-carbon> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136175567?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136175567?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136175567?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136175567> Regenerative agriculture and integrative permaculture for sustainable and technology driven global food production and security <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security> From doi.org <https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20814> - September 28, 5:34 PM <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security> McLennon, E., Dari, B., Jha, G., Sihi, D. & Kankarla, V. 2021. Agronomy Journal. 113 (6) 4541-4559. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security> https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20814 *Cornell Conservation Agriculture Group (soilhealth.org)*'s insight: This paper was included because it includes information on regenerative agriculture (RA) and permaculture (P). They promote these two practices because present farming practices have adverse impacts on natural resources, ecosystem services and sustainability of food production, especially in developing countries. The paper examines the affects of RA, P, and Smart technology (ST) on sustainable production, decision support systems, and Global food security. They state "Collectively, regenerative agriculture and permaculture are semi-closed holistic systems approach designed to reduce or eliminate dependence on external inputs" that restore and maintain natural systems. What I didn't find in the abstract was information of what management systems achieve RA or P and what impact they have on yield or farmer security. <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag/p/4136175412/2022/09/28/regenerative-agriculture-and-integrative-permaculture-for-sustainable-and-technology-driven-global-food-production-and-security> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/twitter/4136175412?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/facebook/4136175412?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/share/post/linkedin/4136175412?forceAnonymous=1> <https://www.scoop.it/topic/conservation-agriculture-by-conservation-ag?rescoopPostId=4136175412> <https://drive.google.com/u/0/settings/storage?hl=en&utm_medium=web&utm_source=gmail&utm_campaign=storage_meter&utm_content=storage_normal> <https://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/terms/> <https://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/> <https://www.google.com/gmail/about/policy/> ######################################################################## To unsubscribe from the CA-Cop-L list, click the following link: &*TICKET_URL(CA-Cop-L,SIGNOFF);